..
or;
"Why Should #Fukushima Become a Japanese "Bearded-Lady"?" (see bottom page)
Quote: "Funky Fungi
Picea Glehnii is a spruce
tree, on it lives a fungus called Penicillium Damascenum; a
seed-epiphytic fungi, between them (I believe), they produce a substance
known as citrinin, this substance helps prevent "damping off" a fungal
condition which affects the roots of the spruce.
Now as we know many
of our native hardwood species are threatened by one or other of the
Phytophthora genus fungi (primarily Ramorum). I have researched the
efforts which are being made to deal with the Phytophora outbreak but so
far conventional methods are not providing the answer, I therefore
contacted "The Woodland Trust" and suggested that "thief for thief"
research into epiphytic/symbiotic methods could provide one.
Thing is, I first saw mention of Penicillium Damascenum in the top left-hand corner of a page in "Gardener's World"*!
(I met an American G.P -at www.shroomery.org - who prescribes home cultured; edible, medicinal and psychoactive fungi and mushrooms to his patients.)." Go to: http://gkhales.blogspot.co.uk/2012/06/whats-that-coming-over-hill.html
Quote: "
What is Radical Mycology?
Radical Mycology is a movement and social philosophy based on
accessibly teaching the importance of mushrooms and other fungi for
personal, societal, and ecological health. Radical Mycology differs from
classical mycology in that classical mycology generally focuses on
taxonomy, identification, mycophagy (eating mushrooms), and the more
personal benefits of working with fungi while Radical Mycology is about
using fungi for the benefit of larger communities and the world.
As a concept, Radical Mycology is based on the belief that the
lifecycles of fungi and their interactions in nature serve as powerful
learning tools for how humans can best relate to each other and steward
the world they live in.
As an organization, the Radical Mycology project organizes the
Radical Mycology Convergences
and disseminates free literature and other media on the uses of fungi
for food sovereignty, medicine creation, ecological restoration,
mycopermaculture, community building, and creating resilient/sustainable
lifestyles. The Radical Mycology project started in 2006.
Why are Fungi Important?
We see the cultivation and application of mushrooms and other fungi
as a practice that has numerous implications for improving the quality
of life for the Earth’s inhabitants. The world of mycology is always
expanding and the practical integration of fungi into modern life is
constantly taking new forms. But, in sum, here is a short of list of
some of the more inspiring uses of fungi:
- Mushrooms are a nutritious, healthy food
source that can be grown off many agricultural and urban waste
products. Mushrooms can be grown off of paper waste, coffee waste, and
many weed plants including Scotch Broom and Water Hyacinth (one of the
fastest growing plants in the world). A global understanding of mushroom
cultivation could easily help end world hunger.
- Many mushrooms are potent medicines
able to reduce tumor rates, boost human immune system vitality, and
reverse dementia. Fungi, like other natural medicines, provide a
powerful preventative alternative to the destructive and harmful
practices of allopathic medicine.
- Decomposing mushrooms can break down toxic and persistent chemicals, clean polluted water, and potentially break down plastic.
- Mycorrhizal fungi can be cultivated to build top soil, enhance soil ecology, support plant health, and reduce fertilizer consumption.
- Entheogenic (psychedelic) fungi can
help transform the human perception on the purpose of life; potentially
opening the willing individual to embrace an understanding that all
life must be valued and protected. Further, we hope that the individual
will take these insights to heart and make tangible change in the world
and not see these insights as the last step in the process of
transformation.
- Some fungi ferment foods,
making them more nutritious and easy to preserve. Fermented foods
enable a person to live off the grid while preserving traditional food
ways.
- Mushrooms and fungi integrate into permacultural systems to create perpetual food systems, helping enable a person to live off the grid.
- Mushrooms can be made into dyes, paper, clothing, and pigments
leading to increased self sufficiency though the production of natural
products.
- Mushroom identification and wild harvesting hones one’s awareness
and understanding of forest ecology while providing for sustenance.
Identification of endangered fungi and lichens can be used to help
defend forests from clear cutting.
- Mushrooms can potentially be used to build (or at least insulate) living structures.
- Yeasts and other microorganisms can create methane and other fuel sources through their natural fermentation processes.
Here we have fungi offering tangible solutions to issues of food
scarcity, water quality, chronic disease, pollution levels, soil health,
emotional/psychological/spiritual health, housing and more. Beyond all
this, the acceptance of fungi into one’s daily life can manifest a
perspective on the world that recognizes the interdependence of life as
one learns how fungi literally connect the organisms of the world and
maintain the health of whole ecosystems.
Based on the above, one should ask themselves why are we taught to fear or ignore fungi in western cultures.
Why “Radical?”
The use of the word “radical” to describe our approach to the science
and culture of mycology is based on several factors. First, we see the
use of fungal species for environmental betterment as an extension of
radical/deep ecology,
which considers all of the Earth’s inhabitants as having an inherent
value and interdependence. Second, through the use of fungi to improve
personal, societal, and environmental resilience, we are working to
shift perceptions about mushroom and mycology as a fringe subject to
something central and critical to all life processes and solutions to
global issues. Third, the word “radical” comes from the Latin “radix”
which itself means “root.” Many of the applications of mycology and the
lessons that can be learned from their biology literally get to the root
of global problems in a solution-oriented approach. Issues such as food
shortages, water purity, soil fertility, pollution reduction, and
democratic organization can all be addressed and informed through the
directed use of fungi. Finally, as stated above, the techniques and
concepts we highlight in the Radical Mycology website and Convergences
are rather cutting edge, and in this sense “radical” or extreme in
comparison to the traditional interactions of humans with fungi.
The Context of Radical Mycology
As the years progress, one can more readily see the impacts of
pollution and environmental destruction increasing alongside a need to
find appropriate and effective strategies to address them. Climate
change, increased rates of disease, reduced access to clean water, and
the mass extinction of species are just a few of the issues underlying a
need to find alternative solutions to meeting basic human needs while
sustainably stewarding the planet. We at Radical Mycology do not believe
that fungal remediation or the creation of a more mushroom literate
society is the sole solution to such problems. The true solution to
these issues comes from eliminating the conditions that enable them to
exist (e.g. economic structures that require growth at all costs, poorly
designed industrial systems, over-consumptive societies, and political
climates that disable the individual from having their concerns truly
heard). We do not believe that mushrooms alone can save the world. We
support a diversity of tactics in addressing any given challenge. That
said, we do believe that the fungi are powerful allies in the struggle
to help restore the planet from the social and ecological challenges
that it faces. We see the cultivation and application of fungi as a
solution-based approach to countering the destructive practices of
governments and industries that should be used in conjunction with more
front-line tactics such as projects to educate and increase awareness,
direct action campaigns, and even legislation reform. We believe that
the uses of mushrooms and other fungi are incredibly important tools for
the change-maker tool box. And, unfortunately, are some of those that
are most often overlooked.
One of the things that distinguishes the Radical Mycology project
from some of the other aspects of the world of mycology is that the
mycological work that we support is based on an
anti-oppression
ethos and doesn’t rely heavily on globalized, industrial, and
destructive economic models. We also see learning skills such as
mushroom cultivation, mushroom hunting, medicinal mushroom processing,
and the consumption of entheogenic fungi as tools that help us live
outside of such destructive systems. We seek to build a Radical Mycology
movement that is a part of a larger social, political, and
environmental justice movement in the modern context of constant
change. We hope to add to the discussion on how to move away from
practices that are counter productive to supporting life and to begin
making tangible, positive changes toward a healthier and more holisitic
world.
Radical Mycology’s Humble Beginnings & Promising Future
The Radical Mycology project began as an idea between two friends (
Maya and
Peter)
7 years ago when they met while working on volunteer projects related
to ecological and social justice. Weaving the seemingly unrelated fields
of mycology, environmental justice, systems theory, and social
organizing together, the two developed a novel perspective on using
fungi to help create a better world that was framed in a social and
political context. They realized that the importance of fungal ecology
was missing from many environmental justice dialogues such issues of
forest protection and global pollution and how crucial the science of
mycology is to fully developing these debates. They also realized that
there was also much to learn from the fungi and their mycelial networks
for how to best structure society into a more cooperative and
egalitarian model. On all levels, it seemed, the fungi exemplified many
successful and sustainable models that human activity could learn from.
Discussions between the two soon evolved into an entire social
philosophy based on the value of seeing the fungi as teachers and allies
in the global struggles of creating a more healthy and just world.
In time, Peter wrote a zine (or booklet/pamphlet) entitled
Radical Mycology
that encapsulated these ideas so as to share them with other mushroom
enthusiasts and socially-conscious individuals. The zine quickly became
quite popular and the positive feedback it received eventually inspired
Maya and Peter to organize the first, second, and upcoming third
Radical Mycology Convergences (RMCs).
Modeled after the networked and collaborative structure of mushroom
mycelium, the RMCs are donation-based events that teach the skills of
low-cost mushroom cultivation and bioremediation while building a
supportive community of like-minded mushroom enthusiasts and
environmental justice supporters.
Radical Mycology’s Mission & Goals
The Radical Mycology project is a
volunteer-based organization dedicated to educating the world on the
benefits of the fungal kingdom for personal, societal, and ecological
well-being.
The goals of the Radical Mycology project are:
1. To develop a more educated and respectful understanding of the fungal kingdom in humans (especially in western cultures).
2. To provide free, accessible, and concrete information on the
uses of fungi for social, ecological, economic, psychological, and
medical justice.
3. To promote the use of fungi in more holistic, sustainable, and resilient lifestyles.
4. To promote the values, ethics, and concepts of radical/deep ecology, permaculture, and systems theory through the metaphors inherent within fungal biology.
5. To find, develop, and disseminate tangible solutions to
pressing global issues such as food scarcity, chemical pollution,
economic disparity, and the rise in chronic illnesses through the
cultivation and application of fungi.
6. To develop safe and effective remediation protocols for emergency disaster response using fungi and other organisms.
7. To provide the means for easy, friendly, and supportive
networking among bioremediators and mycologists of all backgrounds and
skill levels.
8. To encourage the development of a more science-literate popular culture, thereby creating more citizen scientists
who are well-equipped to analyze and address world issues involving the
hard sciences of chemistry, biology, and ecology in an informed and
educated manner.
9. To promote the growth of native fungal species to encourage genetic diversity and strengthen local food and soil webs.
10. To combine all of the above into to a force that will create significant and positive societal change.
Our current efforts to accomplish these goals center on the
development of this website into a networking and information database
as well as hosting Radical Mycology Convergences and other events to
teach the skills and concepts presented on this site in-person. We also
support individuals and
local groups
whose practices and interests are aligned with our own. Our work seeks
to make the world a better place and is based on a social and economic
analysis that is against any form of destruction of the planet or
oppression to its people and for collaborative and just alliances among
the Earth’s inhabitants." Go to:
http://radicalmycology.com/about/mission-goals/
An unlined oil waste pit in the Amazon rainforest.
Quote: "Oil companies have left a huge mess in the Ecuadorian Amazon. There
are over 1000 unlined waste pits seeping toxic chemicals into the soil
and water throughout the rainforest, contaminating the land that many
indigenous people and other Ecuadorians live on. Oil companies, such as
Chevron, have done everything in their power to avoid paying to clean up
the mess.
This is what inspired three women to start the
Amazon Mycorenewal Project,
a bioremediation plan using microbes to clean up toxic waste, and work
with Ecuadorian locals. We spoke to Project Coordinator Lexie Gropper
about what they are doing and what they hope to accomplish.
What is the Amazon Mycorenewal Project? Why was it started?
The Amazon Mycorenewal Project (AMP) operates as a 501(c)3 sponsored
organization, championed by a diverse group of volunteers who are
collaborating to develop biological solutions to environmental
pollution. In 2006, three women combined their diverse knowledge and
researched natural methods for remediation of petroleum contamination.
Based out of the Sucumbios province of Ecuador, AMP’s current research
involves designing and testing biological filtration systems aimed at
reducing and decomposing petroleum contamination before it enters
aquatic ecosystems. Often called the “lungs of the Earth,” one of the
world’s most biodiverse regions per acre, the Ecuadorean Amazon has a
history of industrial resource extraction and leaving behind expansive
crude oil contamination.
What is bioremediation? Describe a little about how the renewal project works.
Remediation aims to ameliorate toxicity and reduce the impact of
contamination on degraded landscapes. Conventional remediation tends to
be quite expensive and halts after reducing the visibility of exposed
pollutants. Conventional remediation in terrestrial systems often
involves relocating or burying the contamination; however, neither is
considered an authentic remediation technique. In contaminated sites in
Ecuador, buried petroleum rises to the surface or leaches into ground
and surface water when it rains (which is daily in a rainforest!).
Conventional remediation practices used for contaminated water systems
typically add chemicals, such as dispersants, to clean the watersheds.
In the remediation of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of
Mexico, chemical dispersants sank oil to the bottom of the ocean, until
it was invisible to the surface –deeming the remediation complete.
The beauty of bioremediation is that it doesn’t hide the contaminants
away from view, but actually works with living organisms to biodegrade
chemical compounds into benign molecules that are non-toxic to
ecosystems. Bioremediation is based upon the wisdom of nature, and
harnesses the processes of numerous organisms that function as filter
feeders or decomposers in natural systems. Pachamama transforms and
recycles nutrients to nourish all of her inhabitants; hence, there are
no waste products in nature! AMP is building relationships with
biological communities in the Amazon to mimic these decomposition and
recycling processes. We are amplifying the combined abilities of native
fungi, plants and bacteria to physically decompose toxic chemicals and
bind heavy metals, thus purifying soils and water.
Tell us about your unique approach to bioremediation. How does the biofiltration
system work?
Many bioremediation applications commonly only use one trophic system
like either mycoremediation (fungi), bacterial remediation (bacteria),
phytoremediation (plants). However, AMP is utilizing the combined
capacity of these approaches; our biofiltration system redirects water
to flow through fungi, bacteria, and plants sequentially. Fungi play a
pivotal role in our designed filtration systems, just as they do in
nature.
Among many roles, decomposer fungi recycle plant litter and organic
matter into bioavailable nutrients for bacteria, plants, and animals.
First, decomposer fungi release enzymes that biodegrade lignin, a
structural component of wood. Then, they transform this decomposed
lignin into available sugars. Lignin is a polyaromatic hydrocarbon
(PAH); a carbon based compound, with long chemical chains and
recalcitrant structures that are difficult for most organisms to
decompose. The chemical structure of petroleum is also a PAH; this
enables the fungal metabolic enzymes to break down recalcitrant
petroleum compounds into bioavailable sugary food sources.
Bacteria play an important role in the decomposition process, too, as
they are voracious carbon consumers. In addition, plants can
hyper-accumulate (bind) heavy metals into their plant biomass. After
utilizing plants, microbes and fungi to reduce petroleum contamination
in our designed system, all biological components will then be composted
and planted with hardwood trees to continue the nutrient cycles within
the ecosystem.
What kind of organisms are you using?
When experimenting with living organisms in situ (on-site location
and not constrained to a laboratory), we strive to work with the local
organisms, as to not introduce invasive species to sensitive watersheds.
AMP is working with native fungi, plants, and bacteria found growing in
and around the oil-contaminated sites. These organisms have evolved to
tolerate high concentrations of crude oil, therefore they are
petro-tolerant (able to withstand petrol) or petro-philic (eating and
living off of the petrol).
Describe some of the challenges you face as you implement a renewal project in another hemisphere.
As foreigners, we aspire to earn the respect of the local inhabitants
of the region, as well as raise support for the longevity and
implementation of our research. However, as a volunteer-based project,
it is difficult to maintain volunteers for long periods of time in
another country.
Research about biofiltration is applicable worldwide as resource
extraction seems to show no boundaries. But, it can be challenging to
obtain funding for laboratory testing when we’re working in another
hemisphere because many donors tend to support projects from their local
bioregion. We only have a few days left in our campaign. Our campaign
will support laboratory testing of petroleum contaminated water pre- and
post-exposure to our system. With further testing and modification, AMP
will design a biofiltration system that is scalable and replicable for
use with communities afflicted from resource extraction worldwide.
Who are your Ecuadorean partners? How is AMP working with the
local people to clean up the rainforest? How are you working with the
Ecuadorian government and universities?
AMP is continuing to develop relationships with local people in hopes
that local inhabitants will continue this bioremediation research and
further implement efficient cleanup. AMP has taught remediation courses
to local and international people, as well as hiring local people to
assist in the installations. We have been collaborating with
universities to further develop our experimental design and quantitative
analyses; this will allow local students and professors to get more
involved. We have given bioremediation presentations to the Ministry of
Environment and oil companies in hopes of expanding our networks to
augment the implementation of natural and effective remediation
techniques.
It is important for our project to have the support of the local
people. We believe that the indigenous and local people should be
empowered to decide the ultimate fate of the land. AMP aims to provide
techniques for reducing oil contamination before it enters aquatic
systems and ameliorating the impacts of previous and current methods of
oil extraction. At the same time, AMP does not want to put a band-aid on
oil pollution,unintentionally supporting the continuation of oil
exploitation, or greenwash industrial extraction methods without
addressing the root cause of the problem.
What are your ultimate hopes & goals for AMP? In an ideal world, what will you accomplish?
It is AMP’s overarching goal to train local people and remediation
crews and perform research and implementation of bioremediation
technologies. We plan to design modular filtration systems that are
simple enough to be replicated to numerous unlined oil pits throughout
the region. However, it would be ideal for our systems to be applied to
the point-source of the contamination to experience the greatest
remediation impacts. Therefore, it may be industrial or governmental
systems that will ultimately apply these bioremediation methods at a
larger scale.
In an ideal world, bioremediation would become more integrated into
conventional remediation protocols, with trained first responders able
to apply bioremediation technologies to augment disaster response. Until
then, AMP intends to strengthen our networks to disseminate information
and encourage motivated people to step into the role of a
bioremediation responder, when necessary. We plan to publish our
protocols, designs, and results of our experiments in open source
journals, to serve as a resource for individuals and communities
worldwide. What a world it would be to see anthropogenic waste products
commonly transformed and recycled into nutrients to support the
biodiversity of the planet!
We invite all people and networks to work with us as we gather data
and implement experiments together. Please help build momentum and
spread the word about AMP to your community." Go to:
http://www.pachamama.org/blog/amazon-mycorenewal-project-teaming-up-with-ecuadorian-locals-to-clean-up-oil-contamination
Quote: "
Some may have seen a recent BBC science series called "The Brain a
Secret History" on which the presenter Micheal Mosley was given crystal
psilocybin-psilocin*, which is currently being tested as an
anti-depressant**. Is this otherwise Class A Drug going to be extracted
or synthesised and then marketed and prescribed? As with cannabis our
society has a schizophrenic attitude towards psychoactive fungi.
* http://itech.dickinson.edu/chemistry/?p=916
**He was then placed in a "C.A.T" scanner ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_computed_tomography ), not something I would have done (I have personal experience of the C.A.T-scan procedure -never again!-).
Go to http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00xhgkd
Quote: "Researchers Extol The Medical Benefits Of Magic Mushrooms.
Not only that, but the researchers at John Hopkins say they’ve found
the perfect dosage. Sadly, this looks to be one of those cases in which
society lags behind science. Via Yahoo News:
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine have been
studying the effects of psilocybin, a chemical found in psychedelic
mushrooms. Now, they say, they’ve zeroed in on the perfect dosage level
to produce transformative mystical and spiritual experiences that offer
long-lasting life-changing benefits, while carrying little risk of
negative reactions.
The breakthrough could speed the day when doctors use psilocybin–long
viewed skeptically for its association with 1960s countercultural
thrill-seekers–for a range of valuable clinical functions, like easing
the anxiety of terminally ill patients, treating depression and
post-traumatic stress disorder, and helping smokers quit.
The Johns Hopkins study involved giving healthy volunteers varying doses
of psilocybin in a controlled and supportive setting, over four
separate sessions. Looking back more than a year later, 94 percent of
participants rated it as one of the top five most spiritually
significant experiences of their lifetimes.
More important, 89 percent reported lasting, positive changes in their
behavior–better relationships with others, for instance, or increased
care for their own mental and physical well-being. Those assessments
were corroborated by family members and others." Go to http://www.disinfo.com/2011/06/researchers-extol-the-medical-benefits-of-magic-mushrooms/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=twitter&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+disinfo%2FoMPh+%28Disinformation%29&utm_content=Twitter 2
Also see: http://gkhales.blogspot.co.uk/2012/06/mycological-environmentalism-under.html
http://gkhales.blogspot.co.uk/2013/06/mycolgical-environmentalism.html
http://gkhales.blogspot.co.uk/2013/11/why-you-cannot-trust-bbc-or-those-who.html
&
http://gkhales.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/toxic-clean-ups-radiation-and-project.html
Quote: " Much of the construction industry depends on fossil fuels, creating a
big carbon footprint. As pressure mounts to make construction
“greener”, experts have started to design houses out of hemp and straw,
and bricks made of mushrooms.
From a distance, it looks like something out of a desert landscape, ancient and handmade.
The closer you get, the more you see something much more modern in the curves of this tower, assembled from 10,000 bricks.
But it is only when you examine one of those bricks close-up that you
get a sense of what the future might hold. Using bioengineering, this
structure has been made from mushrooms.
“This is a hybrid of what I call an ancient technology of mushrooms
and a totally new technology of computation and engineering,” says
architect David Benjamin.
The mushroom – or mycelium, the vegetative part of the fungus – is an ideal material, Mr Benjamin explains.
These bricks score high marks for sustainability because they were “grown” with no carbon emissions and no waste.
The 40ft (12m) structure he is referring to currently sits in a courtyard at MoMA PS1, an art gallery in New York.
The mushroom brick is “grown” by mixing together chopped-up corn husks with mycelium.
The mixture is then put into a brick mould and left to grow for five days. The result is a brick that is solid, but lightweight.
The “mushroom tower” is then assembled using a custom algorithm to lay the bricks layer by layer.
This method lets builders use local materials like agricultural waste, and also makes the bricks biodegradable.
These particular bricks were created from materials in the New York
area. But the method can travel. In places where rice is abundant,
people can use rice hulls in the mixture with mycelium to create bricks.
How the mushroom house was built
- Old cornstalks and parts of mushrooms were collected
- The organic material was put into a mould and then allowed to set as bricks
- The bricks were arranged to create the structure
- Some of the blocks at the top of the building were covered in light-refracting film
Mr Benjamin’s belief in the power of biotechnology is evident in the name of his architectural firm, The Living.
“We want to use living systems as factories to grow new materials,”
he says. “Hopefully this will help us see cities more as living
breathing organisms than solid, static, inert places.”
Meanwhile another architect has also been growing “bio-bricks”, using a different process.
Ginger Krieg Dosier is the creator of a brick made with sand and
bacteria, filled into a mould and then fed with a nutrient solution.
Five days later, the bricks are removed and ready to use.
The chemical reaction caused by this mixture “bio-cements” the grains together to create a solid brick.
This quest for the bio-brick took Ms Dosier from the world of
architecture to science, where she consulted with microbiologists and
chemists in order to come up with a formula.
Bricks made from mushrooms are biodegradable
“Even as a child, I have been fascinated with how nature is able to
produce durable and structural cements in ambient temperatures,” she
says.
Her brick is now being used in a pilot project to make paving.
She worked for a while in the United Arab Emirates – where sand, of
course, is plentiful – but has now relocated her company, BioMason, to
North Carolina.
The work of Mr Benjamin and Ms Dosier point to a new level of innovation which some say is much needed in the building industry.
“While they are experimental, it is very exciting to see these types
of leapfrog technologies that take cues from nature to find creative
alternatives to some of the oldest conventions in design,” says Jacob
Kriss from the US Green Building Council.
The council is responsible for a rating system called LEED, which
rewards sustainable design in buildings. Mr Kriss says the building
sector is responsible for almost 40% of carbon dioxide emissions in the
US.
“There is an unquestionable imperative to green our stock of both new and existing buildings,” Mr Kriss says.
“It is these types of innovations that can help us turn the corner to
create resilient, healthy, high-performing structures that are better
for the planet and the people who use them every day.”
Source – BBC News Magazine "
Go to:
http://permaculturefreepress.com/?p=589
*Quote: "The Woodland Trust also favours a different approach. The
organization is investing £1.5m in a seed bank. The idea is to grow
trees that are fully traceable and therefore free from foreign disease.
Austin Brady, director of conservation and external affairs,
said: "Our native woodland needs to build its resilience to disease and
pests. By starting from the beginning of the supply chain we can ensure
that millions of trees will have the best possible chance of survival in
the long-term" Go to: "Garlic injection could tackle tree diseases"
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-29522647
It's not just fungi of-course, certain reeds and grasses bio-accumulate both chemical and radiological toxins and I am certain that we will find that the same is true of some of the seaweeds, this will be the way we clean the oceans. Can we imagine a stable organic "gelly" we could pack into flasks and blast at the Sun? Something that would "capture" the radio-nuclides and help avoid dispersal should there be an accident? See..
"Toxic Clean-ups, Radiation and "Project Abaris"" Go to:
http://gkhales.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/toxic-clean-ups-radiation-and-project.html
Also See; http://gkhales.blogspot.co.uk/2014/06/plastic-from-trees-british-company.html,
http://gkhales.blogspot.co.uk/2014/06/plastics-bio-fuels-synergisms-synthesis.html &
http://gkhales.blogspot.co.uk/2014/06/plastics-bio-fuels-synergisms-synthesis_30.html
